The Resolution Process
To review, the resolution process can be seen below:

In terms of timing, here's how long each step of the resolution process typically takes:

The Second Proposal
After a proposal is disputed, it can be proposed again. If it is proposed again, the second proposal follows the same process and timeline as the first.

If the Second Proposal Goes Unchallenged
If the second proposal goes unchallenged, and nothing has changed between the two proposals, then the vote for the first proposal will automatically match the second proposal's outcome.

If the Second Proposal Is Challenged
If the second proposal is challenged, it will also undergo its own discussion and separate vote. If nothing changed between the two proposals, both votes will likely reach the same conclusion.

Summary
For a market to resolve, a proposal must be submitted and accepted. Once submitted, it has two hours to be challenged. If unchallenged, the market resolves automatically. If challenged, it undergoes a vote, and the vote determines how the market resolves.
After a proposal is disputed, it can be proposed again. The second proposal follows the same process as the first. If nothing changed between the first and second proposals, both will likely have the same vote outcome. If the event occurred since the first proposal, the second proposal can resolve the market, while the first proposal still completes its own vote based on the earlier state of information.